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1.
Arch. endocrinol. metab. (Online) ; 61(4): 382-390, July-Aug. 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-887578

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective Patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have an increased risk of metabolic disorders and alterations on irisin levels. Therefore, the purpose of the current investigation was to quantify the circulating irisin concentration in HIV-infected subjects under highly active antiretroviral therapy and to determine possible correlations between irisin levels with fat mass, fat-free mass, body mass index (BMI), and muscle strength. Subjects and methods Cross-sectional study of 10 men (36.7 ± 11.3 years) and 10 women (42.5 ± 10.3 years) infected with HIV, recruited from the Specialized Service Center in the State Center of Reference for High and Medium Complexity. Blood samples were collected to determine plasma irisin levels, glucose, HDL, total cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL. Body composition (fat mass, fat-free mass) and anthropometrics (body mass index; BMI) were measured by bioelectrical impedance. Muscle strength was assessed using a mechanic hand dynamometer and one maximum repetition tests. Results Irisin levels correlated positively with fat mass (r = 0.67; p = 0.001) and BMI (r = 0.48; p = 0.036). In contrast, there was an inverse correlation between irisin levels and fat-free mass (r = -0.41; p = 0.008) and five strength parameters: right hand grip (r = -0.46; p = 0.044); left hand grip (r = -0.50; p = 0.027), relative hand grip (r = -0.79; p = 0.001), bench press (r = -0.58; p = 0.009), leg press (r = -0.40; p = 0.085), and biceps curl (r = -0.059; p = 0.009). Conclusion Irisin levels correlated positively with body fat and negatively with fat-free mass and strength parameters in HIV-infected patients. Female patients infected with HIV receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy have higher levels of irisin compared with men in a similar circumstance.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , HIV Infections/blood , Adipose Tissue/drug effects , Adipose Tissue/pathology , Fibronectins/blood , Body Composition/drug effects , HIV Infections/metabolism , HIV Infections/drug therapy , Sex Factors , Cross-Sectional Studies , Fibronectins/metabolism , Fibronectins/pharmacology , Hand Strength , Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active , Anti-Retroviral Agents/therapeutic use , Muscle Strength/drug effects
2.
Rev. bras. educ. fís. esp ; 29(4): 519-534, out.-dez. 2015. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-767868

ABSTRACT

Resumo O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar a cinética de lactato sanguíneo (CLS) e a sua resposta ao treinamento físico combinado (TFC) bem como avaliar os efeitos sobre os aspectos bioquímicos, imunológicos, cardiorrespiratório e composição corporal de pessoas vivendo com HIV/AIDS. Doze voluntários HIV+ realizaram o TFC, por um período de 16 semanas, e foram submetidos às avaliações nos momentos pré, oito e 16 semanas de TFC. Ao final, houve um aumento das células TCD4+ e manutenção da carga viral, aumento do consumo máximo de oxigênio e da força muscular e, ainda, aumento do HDL-c e diminuição dos triglicerídeos e glicemia de jejum. Ainda, ocorreu aumento da CLS após o período de treinamento. Concluímos que o TFC influenciou positivamente os parâmetros imunológicos, bioquímicos, cardiorrespiratório e muscular, no entanto, a questão relacionada à CLS necessita de estudos futuros para maiores esclarecimentos.


Abstract The aim of the study was to verify the blood lactate kinetics (BLK) and the response to combined physical training (CPT) as well as to evaluate the effects on markers related to biochemical, immunological, cardiorespiratory and body composition in HIV + people. Twelve HIV+ volunteers performed CPT during 16 weeks, and were subjected to evaluations in 3 moments: pre, 8 and 16 weeks of CPT. At the end, there was improvement in immune and cardiorespiratory parameters, muscular strength and of glycemic and lipid profiles. Concerning BLK, the concentrations were increased after the CPT. We conclude that CPT improved the measured variables, nevertheless, the issue related to the BLK requires further studies in order to clarify this occurrence.


Subject(s)
Humans , Physical Fitness , HIV , Lactic Acid/pharmacokinetics , Muscle Strength , Immune System
3.
Motriz rev. educ. fís. (Impr.) ; 21(3): 290-298, July-Sept. 2015. tab, ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-761655

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this study was to determine the lactate minimum intensity (LMI) by swimming LACmintest using three incremental stages (LACmintest3) and to evaluate its sensitivity to changes in aerobic fitness (AF). Twenty Wistar rats performed: LACmintest3 (1): induction of hyperlactacidemia and incremental phase (4%, 5% and 6.5% of bw); Constant loads tests on (2) and above (3) the LMI. Half of the animals were subjected to training with the individual LMI and the tests were performed again. The mean exercise load in LACmintest3 was 5.04 ± 0.13% bw at 5.08 ± 0.55 mmol L-1 blood lactate minimum (BLM). There was a stabilize and disproportionate increase of blood lactate in tests 2 and 3, respectively. After the training period, the mean BLM was lower in the trained animals. The LACmintest3 seems to be a good indicator of LMI and responsive to changes in AF in rats subjected to swim training.


O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar a intensidade no lactato mínimo (ILM) pelo LACminteste usando três estágios incrementais (LACminteste3) e avaliar sua sensibilidade às alterações do condicionamento aeróbio (CA). Vinte ratos realizaram: LACminteste3 (1): indução da hiperlactacidemia e fase incremental (4%, 5% e 6,5% do pc); Testes de cargas constantes equivalentes (2) e acima (3) da ILM. Metade dos animais foi submetida ao treinamento físico na ILM individual e os testes foram efetuados novamente. A sobrecarga média no LACmintest3foi 5,04 ± 0,13% pc à 5,08 ± 0,55 mmol L-1 de lactato sanguíneo mínimo (LSM). Houve estabilização e aumento desproporcional do lactato sanguíneo nos testes 2 e 3, respectivamente. Após o período de treinamento, o LSM médio foi menor no grupo treinado. O LACminteste3 parece ser um bom indicador da ILM e responsivo às mudanças no CA em ratos treinados por natação.


Determinar la intensidad del lactato mínimo (ILM) por LACmintest incremental mediante tres etapas graduales (LACmintest3) y evaluar su sensibilidad a los cambios en condiciones aerobias (CA). Veinte ratas realizaron: LACmintest3 (1): inducción de hiperlactacidemia y fase incremental (4 %, 5% y 6,5 % de pc); pruebas de cargas constantes equivalente (2) y arriba (3) de la ILM. Mitad de los animales fueron sometidos a entrenamiento físico con la persona carga equivalente a la ILM y las pruebas se realizaron nuevamente. La carga media en LACmintest3fue 5,04 ± 0,13 % pc a 5,08 ± 0,55 mmol L-1 de lactato mínimo en la sangre (LMS). Se observó una estabilización y desproporcionado aumento de lactato sanguíneo en las pruebas 2 y 3, respectivamente. Después del período de entrenamiento físico, la media fue menor en el grupo entrenado. LACmintest3resultó ser un buen indicador de la ILM y sensible a los cambios que se producen en el CA en ratas entrenadas por nadar.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Lactic Acid/blood , Exercise/physiology , Physical Conditioning, Animal , Swimming , Rats, Wistar
4.
Rev. bras. ativ. fís. saúde ; 19(3): 382-389, mai. 2014. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-218

ABSTRACT

O objetivo do presente estudo foi analisar os efeitos do treinamento físico combinado (TFC) sobre a cinética de lactato sanguíneo (LS) e a aptidão cardiorrespiratória de pacientes HIV+. Antes e após 20 semanas de TFC, 10 pacientes HIV+ (5 homens + 5 mulheres; 44,7±9,0 anos de idade) em tratamento pela HAART (Terapia Antirretroviral Altamente Ativa) foram avaliados quanto a cinética do LS (LS; mmol/L) durante o teste ergoespirométrico (ERGO) na esteira (para determinação do VO2max [ml.kg-1.min-1]. O TFC consistiu de 40min de exercícios de força seguidos de 30min de caminhada (3x/semana; duração total = 20 semanas). Os níveis de LS foram determinados durante a ERGO em 6 diferentes condições: repouso, 4min de exercício e imediatamente após o exercício (fadiga) (isto é, M0, M1, M2, respectivamente) bem como após os minutos, 1, 4, e 6 durante a recuperação passiva (isto é, R0, R1, e R2 respectivamente). A cinética de LS foi alterada durante a recuperação passiva (principalmente em R1 e R2), denotando que a remoção do LS foi melhorada nesses períodos (LS [pré-TFC/post-TFC]: M0: 2,9±0,6/2,3±0,5; M1: 4,7±1,3/3,3±0,8; M2: 6,3±2,0/8,9±1,9; R0: 9,3±2,3/8,5±2,5; R1: 10,1±2,2/ 7,6±2,0; R2: 9,4±2,5/7,5±1,8). Os valores de VO2max também foram melhorados após TFC (VO2max [pré-TFC/post-TFC]: 29,0±7,1/41,4±7,2). Os resultados denotaram, hipoteticamente, aumento da metabolização intra-tecido de LS no músculo e/ou fígado durante a recuperação passiva, os quais podem ser associados ao VO2max superior pós-TFC. A melhora na remoção do LS em repouso é uma importante ocorrência no que tange à restauração do metabolismo ao seu estado de normalidade.


The purpose of the present study was to verify the effects of combined physical training (CPT) on blood lactate (BL) kinetics as well as the cardiorespiratory aptitude of HIV+ patients. Before and after 20 weeks of CPT, 10 HIV+ patients (5 men + 5 women; 44.7±9.0 years old) under HAART (Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy) treatment were evaluated for BL (LAC; mmol/L) kinetics during ergospirometric test (ERGO) on the treadmill (to determine VO2max [ml.kg-1.min-1]). The CPT was composed by 40min of resistance exercise followed by 30min of walking exercise (3x/week; total duration=20 weeks). The BL levels were determined at 6 different times during ERGO: at rest, 4min of exercise and immediately after exercise (fatigue) (i.e., M0, M1 and M2, respectively) as well as at the minutes 1, 4, and 6 during passive recovery (i.e., R0, R1, and R2, respectively). The BL kinetics was altered during passive recovery (R1 and R2 times), denoting that the BL disappearance was enhanced in this particular stage (BL [pre-CPT/post-CPT]: M0: 2.9±0.6/2.3±0.5; M1: 4.7±1.3/3.3±0.8; M2: 6.3±2.0/8.9±1.9; R0: 9.3±2.3/8.5±2.5; R1: 10.1±2.2/7.6±2.0; R2: 9.4±2.5/7.5±1.8). The VO2max values were also improved after CPT (VO2max [pre-CPT/post-CPT]: 29.0±7.1/41.4±7.2). The findings show that occurred, hypothetically, an increase of intra-tissue metabolization of BL in the muscle and/or liver of the HIV+ patients during passive recovery, which can be strongly associated to higher VO2máx values post-CPT. The enhanced BL disappearance at rest is an important metabolic occurrence in order to restore the organic systems to their normal states.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , HIV , Lactic Acid , Aerobic Treatment , Resistance Training
5.
Rev. bras. ciênc. mov ; 21(4): 5-12, 2013.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-733833

ABSTRACT

O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar os efeitos do treinamento físico combinado (TC) de 16 semanas sobre a composição corporal e o sistema imune, bem como velocidade e inclinação da esteira rolante obtidos na intensidade do limiar anaeróbio (LAn) em indivíduos com HIV. Participaram do estudo10 indivíduos, sendo 5 homens e 5 mulheres (44,7±8,97 anos; Tempo de Terapia Antirretroviral Altamente Ativa [HAART]: 8,89±6,21 anos; Tempo Portador: 9,14±5,37 anos; Carga Viral: indetectável), os quais foram submetidos a 16 semanas de TC. Os dados foram expressos como média±desvio padrão (p≤0,05). Foram observadas melhoras em relação à massa magra relativa (MMR; %) (Pré: 45,5 [32,8 – 63,0]; Pós: 47,9 [33,7 – 66,3]) e massa magra absoluta (MMA; %) (Pré: 67,0 [55,0 – 75,2]; Pós: 68,8 [56,6 – 75,7]). O índice de massa corporal (IMC; kg/m2 ) não sofreu alteração pós TC (Pré: 24,2 [21,3 – 28,7]; Pós: 23,7 [21,8 – 30,0]). A carga viral permaneceu indetectável, sendo que houve aumento no número delinfócitos T CD4+ (Pré: 529 [426,0 – 900,0]; Pós: 694 [381,0 – 1175,0]). Além disso, houve melhora nosvalores de VO2 (ml.kg.min-1) (Pré: 16,2±4,9; Pós: 21,2±3,2), velocidade (km/h) (Pré: 5,7±0,9; Pós: 6,3±1,0) e inclinação (%) (Pré: 3,8±1,2; Pós: 4,9±1,0) obtidos na intensidade do LAn. Conclui-se que oTC melhorou o VO2 na intensidade do LAn e induziu a aumentos de MMR e de MMA. Finalmente, o TC promoveu aumento no número de linfócitos T CD4+, sem efeito negativo sobre a carga viral. Estes resultados são de extrema importância para a qualidade de vida dos pacientes com HIV.


The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of combined physical training (CT) on body composition and immune system, as well as, speed and inclination obtained at the intensity of anaerobic threshold (AT) in subjects with HIV. Ten individuals, 5 men and 5 women, united in a single group (44.7±8.97 years of age; Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy [HAART] time: 8.89±6.21 years; HIV-Bearer Time: 9.14±5.37 years; Viral Load: undetectable), were subjected to 16 weeks of CT. Data were expressed as mean±standard deviation (p ≤ 0.05). Both relative lean mass (RLM; %) (Pre: 45.5 [32.8-63.0]; Post: 47.9 [33.7-66.3]) and absolute lean mass (ALM; %) (Pre: 67.0[55.0-75.2]; Post: 68.8 [56.6-75.7]) were improved after CT. The body mass index (BMI; kg/m2 ) did not change post-CT (Pre: 24.2 [21.3 – 28.7]; Post: 23.7 [21.8 – 30.0]). The viral load remained undetectable, while the number of CD4+ T lymphocytes was increased (Pre: 529 [426.0-900.0]; Post: 694 [381.0-1175.0]). In addition, VO2(ml.kg.min-1) (Pre: 16.2 ± 4.9; Post: 21.2 ± 3.2), speed (km/h) (Pre: 5.7 ± 0.9; Post: 6.3 ± 1.0) and inclination (%) (Pre: 3.8 ± 1.2; Post: 4.9 ± 1.0), obtained at AT intensity, were improved. It was concluded that CT was able to improve the VO2 at the intensity of AT and induced increases in RLM and ALM. Finally, the CT increased the number of CD4 + T lymphocytes, with no negative effect on the viralload. These results are extremely important for the quality of life of patients with HIV.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , AIDS Serodiagnosis , Anaerobic Threshold , Body Composition , Immune System , Physical Education and Training , Quality of Life , Patient Care
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